THEORY OF TRUTH (Theory of Truth) Aristotle

"Gnothi Seauthon ..............!" Thus Socrates, a great Greek philosopher, had spoken in the centuries BC. Know thyself, so is more or less the message that he wanted to convey.
Humans are creatures who think it makes him exist. Prof. Dr. RF Beerling, a Dutch scholar put forward his theory about human beings that humans are creatures who like to ask. By thinking, by asking people to explore the travels, ranging from herself and the environment even then arrived on other matters relating to the origin or the possible end of all he saw. All of them have placed human beings as creatures with a slightly different animal. As Aristotle, another Greek philosopher, argued that humans are animals with a sound mind, who issued the opinion, that speaks his mind based on reason (the animal That reason). WE Hacking, in his book What Is Man, writes that: "there is no way of delivering a convincing about what a lot of rethinking by the animals, but it seems safe to say that humans are far more thinking than any animal. He held a diary, using a mirror, write history ......."
William P. Tolley, in his Preface To Philosophy A Tex Book, noted that "our question are endless ,...... what is a man, what is a nature, what is a justice, what is a god? Unlike animals, humans very concerned about the origins, ultimately, the intent and purpose, meaning and nature of reality. .... Maybe he is a member of the wildlife, but he also is a citizen of the world and exchange ideas ...."
By placing human beings as animals are thinking, berintelektual and cultured, it can be realized later when, in fact, humans have the ability to browse the state itself and its environment. Humans who let his thoughts wander and eventually asked. Thinking is asked, asking is looking for answers, searching for answers is to look for truth, searching for answers about the natural and God is looking for truth about nature and God. From this process was born of knowledge, technology, trust (or perhaps religion??)Then if the truth? or whether or how the circumstancescan be called true? Truth is often debated, but the meaning in fact often left behind. "If a child was bitten by a dog that is true then the child should be changed to bite the dog ", is this also atruth?

CORRESPONDENCE THEORY OF TRUTHThe first theory is the theory correspondence [Correspondence Theory of Truth], which is sometimes called The accordance Theory of Truth.
"Truth / state right was a match between the meaning intended by an opinion of what really is a case / fact"
According to this theory stated that, the truth or the true state of compliance [correspondence] between the meaning intended by a statement of what really happened is a fact or facts.
So based on this correspondence theory, truth / right circumstances it can be assessed by comparing the preposition with the facts or reality associated with these prepositions. When between them there is conformity (korespondence), the preposition can be said meet the standards of truth / right circumstances.As an example can be stated: "Hyderabad is the capital cityCentral Java Province is now "This is a statement, and if in fact it is the capital city of Semarang, Central Java Province, statement is true, then the statement is a truth.
The formulation of correspondence theory of truth that stems from ARIESTOTELES, (384-322 BC) and is called the theory of depiction that definition reads as follows:"ADAEQUATIO INTELCTUS EST VERITAS ET RHEI"[Truth is the correspondence between thought and reality].This theory was further developed by Bertrand Russell (1872-1970). Adherents of this theory is the school of realism and materialism. 

Critique: If already known fact why the need to be madeIn comparison, when the truth is being held? 

CONSISTENCY THEORY / coherence OF TRUTHThe second theory is the Consistency Theory. The Consistence Of Theory, Truth, which is often referred to as the coherence Theory Of Truth
According to this theory of truth is not formed on the relationship between the decision (judgment) with something that is past, that is fact or reality, but on the relationship between the decisions themselves ..
Based on this theory, the truth is established on the relationship between the new decision with other decisions we have seen and recognized truth in advance. So a proposition is likely to correct if the proposition is coherent [interconnected] with the proposition that true, or if the meaning is contained by the proposition is coherent with our experience.Examples
 Bungkarno, is the father of Megawati Sukarno's daughter, is statement we know, we have received, and we think is right. If there is a coherent statement with the statement above, then this statement can be stated is true. Because coherent with the first statement: For example.
- Bungkarno has a son named Megawati Soekarno Putri- The children have named Bungkarno Megawati Sukarno Putri- Megawati Sukarno Putri is the offspring Bungkarno
This theory was embraced by the school of idealism. Originator of this theory is Plato (427-347 BC) and Aristotle (384-322 BC), further developed by Hegel and FH Bradley (1864-1924). Critics of this theory is "not possible to have a coherent set of propositions which are all wrong"?.Pragmatism THEORY OF TRUTH
The third theory is the theory of pragmatism about truth, the pragmatic [pramatist] theory of truth. Pragmatism comes from the Greek pragma, meaning to do, which can be exercised, performed, actions or deeds. This philosophy developed by William James in the United States. According to this philosophy is stated, that something speech, law, or a theory solely rely on the principle of benefit. Something is considered true if it brings benefit.
Stated a truth if it has "a satisfactory outcome[Satisfactory result], if:Something that is true if satisfying human desires and goalsSomething is right if it can be tested properly with the experimentalSomething that is true if encouraging or helping the struggle for biologicalstill exist.Criticism: understanding how vague and useless (usefull) it.

referensi http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Aristotle.html

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